labarai

A rayuwarmu, sau da yawa muna amfani da kayan lantarki iri-iri, kamar wayar hannu, kwamfuta, TV, da sauransu;amma, ka san cewa waɗannan kayan lantarki sun ƙunshi dubban kayan lantarki, amma mun yi watsi da wanzuwarsu.Bari mu yi la'akari da abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na lantarki waɗanda suka haɗa da waɗannan na'urori na lantarki, sannan mu sanya matsayi 10 na waɗannan abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na lantarki.

Daban-daban na lantarki a cikin wayoyin hannu
1. Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na lantarki
Da farko, bari mu kalli mene ne abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na lantarki.Gabaɗaya, abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su na lantarki sune: capacitors, resistors, inductor, potentiometers, diodes, transistor, electron tubes, relays, transformers, connectors, daban-daban m sassa, resonators, filters, switches, da dai sauransu.
2. Manyan matsayi 10 na abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na lantarki
Na gaba, za mu ci gaba da duba manyan matsayi 10 na kayan aikin lantarki da aka saba amfani da su don ganin wane bangare zai iya zama shugaba.
Na 10: Transformer.Ka'idar aiki na na'ura mai canzawa (sunan Ingilishi: Transformer) na'ura ce da ke amfani da ka'idar shigar da wutar lantarki don canza wutar lantarki ta AC.Yana taka rawa wajen haɓakawa da rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin kayan lantarki, kuma yana da ayyuka kamar daidaitawa da keɓancewa da aminci.

Na 9: Sensor.Na'urar firikwensin (Sunan Turanci: transducer/sensor) na'urar ganowa ce wacce za ta iya jin bayanan da ake aunawa, kuma za ta iya canza bayanan da aka sani zuwa siginar lantarki ko wasu nau'ikan fitar da bayanai da ake buƙata bisa ga wasu ƙa'idodi don saduwa da watsa bayanai, sarrafawa, adanawa. , nuni, rikodi da buƙatun sarrafawa.Don samun bayanai daga waje, dole ne mutane su yi amfani da sassan jiki.Duk da haka, gabobin jikin mutane sun yi nisa a cikin nazarin abubuwan al'ajabi da dokoki da ayyukan samarwa.Don dacewa da wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar na'urori masu auna firikwensin.Saboda haka, ana iya cewa firikwensin wani tsawo ne na gabobin ji na mutum guda biyar, wanda kuma aka sani da ma'aunin ma'ana guda biyar na lantarki.

No. 8: Filin tasirin tube.Filin Tasirin transistor (Sunan Turanci: Field Effect Transistor abbreviation (FET)), cikakken sunan filin tasirin transistor, na'ura ce ta semiconductor wacce ke amfani da tasirin filin lantarki na madauki na shigar da sarrafawa don sarrafa madauki na yanzu, kuma ana kiran shi bayan shi.Ya kamata a yi amfani da bututun tasirin filin don haɓakawa, juriya mai canzawa, amfani mai dacewa azaman tushen yau da kullun, canjin lantarki, babban shigarwar shigarwa, kuma dacewa sosai don canjin impedance.

Na 7: Transistor.Transistor shine na'urar semiconductor wanda ke sarrafa halin yanzu kuma yana iya haɓaka halin yanzu.Ayyukansa shine haɓaka siginar rauni zuwa siginar lantarki tare da ƙimar girman girman girma;Hakanan ana amfani da shi azaman sauyawa mara lamba don sarrafa nau'ikan lantarki daban-daban.

Na 6: Varactor diode.Varactor Diodes (Sunan Turanci: Varactor Diodes), wanda kuma aka sani da "Variable Reactance Diodes", ana yin su ta hanyar amfani da sifar cewa ƙarfin junction ya bambanta da ƙarfin lantarki da ake amfani da shi lokacin da haɗin pN ya juya baya.Ana amfani da shi a cikin daidaitawa mai girma, sadarwa da sauran da'irori.Ana amfani dashi azaman capacitor mai canzawa..An yi amfani da shi a cikin da'irori masu girma don daidaitawa ta atomatik, daidaitawa ta mitar, da daidaitawa, misali, azaman madaidaicin capacitor a madaidaicin madauki na mai karɓar talabijin.

Varactor diode
Na 5: Inductor.Inductance dukiya ce ta rufaffiyar madauki da adadin jiki.Lokacin da na'urar ta wuce na yanzu, ana haifar da filin maganadisu a cikin na'urar, kuma filin maganadisu da aka jawo zai haifar da na'urar da aka jawo don tsayayya da halin yanzu da ke wucewa ta cikin na'urar;inductor (sunan Ingilishi: Inductor) wani sashi ne na inductance wanda aka yi da kayan inductance.Lokacin da babu wutar lantarki ta inductor, zai yi ƙoƙarin toshe wutar lantarki ta cikinsa lokacin da kewayawa ke kunne;idan inductor yana cikin halin yanzu ta hanyar yanayi, zai yi ƙoƙari ya kula da halin yanzu lokacin da kewayawa ya kashe.Inductor kuma ana kiransa chokes, reactors, da kuma reactors masu ƙarfi.

Na 4: Zener diode.Zener diode (sunan Ingilishi Zener diode) shine amfani da pn junction junction reverse break state, ana iya canza halin yanzu a cikin babban kewayon yayin da ƙarfin lantarki shine ainihin abu iri ɗaya, wanda aka yi da diode tare da tasirin ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki.Wannan diode na'ura ce ta semiconductor wacce ke da tsayin daka har sai mahimmin wutar lantarki mai jujjuyawa.A wannan mahimmancin raguwa, juriya na baya yana raguwa zuwa ƙananan ƙima, kuma halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa a cikin wannan ƙananan juriya.Wutar lantarki ya kasance akai-akai, kuma Zener diode ya kasu kashi-kashi gwargwadon ƙarfin wutar lantarki.Saboda wannan siffa, Zener diode galibi ana amfani da shi azaman mai sarrafa wutar lantarki ko bangaren tunani.Za'a iya haɗa diodes na Zener a cikin jerin don amfani a mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki, kuma ana iya samun mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki ta hanyar haɗa su a cikin jerin.

Zener diode
Na 3: Crystal diode.Crystal diode (Sunan Ingilishi: crystaldiode) Na'ura a ƙarshen biyu na semiconductor a cikin na'urar lantarki mai ƙarfi.Babban fasalin waɗannan na'urori shine halayensu na yanzu-ƙarfin wutar lantarki marasa layi.Tun daga wannan lokacin, tare da haɓaka kayan aikin semiconductor da fasaha na tsari, ta yin amfani da kayan aikin semiconductor daban-daban, rarraba doping, da tsarin geometric, nau'ikan diodes na crystal tare da nau'i-nau'i iri-iri da ayyuka da amfani daban-daban.Kayan masana'antu sun haɗa da germanium, silicon da semiconductor fili.Ana iya amfani da diodes crystal don samarwa, sarrafawa, karɓa, canzawa, haɓaka sigina, da yin canjin makamashi.Crystal diodes ana amfani da su sosai a cikin kayan lantarki, amma ana iya zama na uku a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na lantarki.

Crystal diode
Na 2: Capacitors.Capacitors yawanci ana rage su azaman capacitors (sunan Ingilishi: capacitor).Capacitor, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, shine 'kwantena don riƙe wutar lantarki', na'urar da ke ɗaukar cajin lantarki.Capacitors na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su na lantarki a cikin kayan lantarki.Ana amfani da su ko'ina a cikin da'irori kamar toshewa, haɗaɗɗiya, kewayawa, tacewa, madaukai masu daidaitawa, canjin makamashi, da sarrafawa.
Ana amfani da capacitors sosai a cikin kayan lantarki, amma ana iya zama na biyu kawai a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na lantarki.Yanzu lokacin shaida abin al'ajabi ya zo.
Na 1: Resistors.Resistors (Sunan Turanci: Resistor) ana kiransu gabaɗaya resistors a rayuwar yau da kullun.Abu ne mai iyakancewa na yanzu.Resistor yana da tasirin toshewa akan halin yanzu.Yana iya ƙayyade halin yanzu ta hanyar reshe da aka haɗa da shi, kuma ana iya daidaita na yanzu ta hanyar juriya na resistor, don tabbatar da cewa sassa daban-daban a cikin kayan lantarki suna aiki a tsaye a ƙarƙashin halin yanzu., Ko da yake rawar da tsayin daka ya kasance na yau da kullum, amma muhimmancinsa yana da mahimmanci, tare da juriya don tabbatar da amincin sassa daban-daban.